Geography Of Madagascar

Location	Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Mozambique
Geographic coordinates	20 00 S, 47 00 E
Map references	africa
Area	total: 587,040 sq km water: 5,500 sq km land: 581,540 sq km
Area comparative	slightly less than twice the size of Arizona
Land boundaries	0 km
Coastline	4,828 km
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or 100 nm from the 2,500-m deep isobath exclusive economic zone: 200 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm
Climate	tropical along coast, temperate inland, arid in south
Terrain	narrow coastal plain, high plateau and mountains in center
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Maromokotro 2,876 m
Natural resources	graphite, chromite, coal, bauxite, salt, quartz, tar sands, semiprecious stones, mica, fish, hydropower
Land use	arable land: 5.07% permanent crops: 1.03% other: 93.91% (2001)
Irrigated land	10,900 sq km (2000 est.)
Natural hazards	periodic cyclones, drought, and locust infestation
Environment - current issues	soil erosion results from deforestation and overgrazing; desertification; surface water contaminated with raw sewage and other organic wastes; several species of flora and fauna unique to the island are endangered
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography note	world's fourth-largest island; strategic location along Mozambique Channel

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This information was reproduced in part from the CIA World Fact book.

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