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Economy overview
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The Norwegian economy is a prosperous bastion of welfare capitalism, featuring a combination of free market activity and government intervention. The government controls key areas, such as the vital petroleum sector (through large-scale state enterprises). The country is richly endowed with natural resources - petroleum, hydropower, fish, forests, and minerals - and is highly dependent on its oil production and international oil prices, with oil and gas accounting for one-third of exports. Only Saudi Arabia and Russia export more oil than Norway. Norway opted to stay out of the EU during a referendum in November 1994. The government has moved ahead with privatization. With arguably the highest quality of life worldwide, Norwegians still worry about that time in the next two decades when the oil and gas begin to run out. Accordingly, Norway has been saving its oil-boosted budget surpluses in a Government Petroleum Fund, which is invested abroad and now is valued at more than $43 billion. GDP growth was a lackluster 1% in 2002 and 0.5% in 2003 against the background of a faltering European economy.
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GDP
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purchasing power parity - $171.7 billion (2004 est.)
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GDP - real growth rate
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0.6% (2004 est.)
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GDP - per capita
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purchasing power parity - $37,800 (2004 est.)
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GDP - composition by sector
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agriculture: 2.5%
industry: 36.2%
services: 61.2% (2004 est.)
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Investment gross fixed
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17.8% of GDP (2004 est.)
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Population below poverty line
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NA
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Household income or consumption by percentage share
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lowest 10%: 4.1%
highest 10%: 21.8% (1995)
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Distribution of family income - Gini index
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25.8 (1995)
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Inflation rate consumer prices
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2.5% (2004 est.)
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Labor force
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2.38 million (2004 est.)
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Labor force by occupation
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agriculture, forestry, and fishing 4%, industry 22%, services 74% (1995)
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Unemployment rate
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4.7% (2004 est.)
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Budget
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revenues: $129.8 billion
expenditures: $105.5 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
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Public debt
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22.1% of GDP (2004 est.)
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Agriculture products
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barley, wheat, potatoes; pork, beef, veal, milk; fish
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Industries
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petroleum and gas, food processing, shipbuilding, pulp and paper products, metals, chemicals, timber, mining, textiles, fishing
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Industrial production growth rate
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-3.5% (2004 est.)
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Electricity production
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120.1 billion kWh (2001)
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Electricity production by source
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fossil fuel: 0.4%
hydro: 99.3%
other: 0.4% (2001)
nuclear: 0%
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Electricity consumption
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115.3 billion kWh (2001)
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Electricity exports
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7.162 billion kWh (2001)
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Electricity imports
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10.76 billion kWh (2001)
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Oil production
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3.408 million bbl/day (2004 est.)
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Oil consumption
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171,100 bbl/day (2001 est.)
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Oil exports
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3.466 million bbl/day (2001)
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Oil imports
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88,870 bbl/day (2001)
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Oil proved reserves
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9.859 billion bbl (1 January 2002)
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Natural gas production
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54.6 billion cu m (2001 est.)
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Natural gas consumption
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4.1 billion cu m (2001 est.)
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Natural gas exports
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50.5 billion cu m (2001 est.)
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Natural gas imports
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0 cu m (2001 est.)
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Natural gas proved reserves
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1.716 trillion cu m (1 January 2002)
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Current account balance
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$29.34 billion (2004 est.)
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Exports
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$67.27 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)
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Exports commodities
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petroleum and petroleum products, machinery and equipment, metals, chemicals, ships, fish
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Exports partners
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UK 21.3%, Germany 13%, Netherlands 9.6%, US 8.7%, France 8.2%, Sweden 7.4% (2003)
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Imports
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$40.19 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)
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Imports commodities
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machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs
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Imports partners
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Sweden 16.1%, Germany 13.3%, Denmark 7.9%, UK 7.2%, US 5.2%, Netherlands 4.5%, China 4.4%, France 4.3%, Italy 4% (2003)
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Reserves of foreign exchange gold
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Debt external
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$0 (Norway is a net external creditor) (2003 est.)
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Economic aid recipient
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Currency
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Norwegian krone (NOK)
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Currency code
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NOK
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Exchange rates
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Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 7.0802 (2003), 7.9838 (2002), 8.9917 (2001), 8.8018 (2000), 7.7992 (1999)
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Fiscal year
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calendar year
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This information was reproduced in part from the CIA World Fact book.
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