Geography Of Venezuela

Location	Northern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, between Colombia and Guyana
Geographic coordinates	8 00 N, 66 00 W
Map references	south_america
Area	total: 912,050 sq km water: 30,000 sq km land: 882,050 sq km
Area comparative	slightly more than twice the size of California
Land boundaries	total: 4,993 km border countries: Brazil 2,200 km, Colombia 2,050 km, Guyana 743 km
Coastline	2,800 km
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 15 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Climate	tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands
Terrain	Andes Mountains and Maracaibo Lowlands in northwest; central plains (llanos); Guiana Highlands in southeast
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Pico Bolivar (La Columna) 5,007 m
Natural resources	petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, gold, bauxite, other minerals, hydropower, diamonds
Land use	arable land: 2.95% other: 96.13% (2001) permanent crops: 0.92%
Irrigated land	540 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards	subject to floods, rockslides, mudslides; periodic droughts
Environment - current issues	sewage pollution of Lago de Valencia; oil and urban pollution of Lago de Maracaibo; deforestation; soil degradation; urban and industrial pollution, especially along the Caribbean coast; threat to the rainforest ecosystem from irresponsible mining operations
Environment - international agreements	party to: Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
Geography note	on major sea and air routes linking North and South America; Angel Falls in the Guiana Highlands is the world's highest waterfall

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This information was reproduced in part from the CIA World Fact book.

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